Thank you all for your replies. I went to the Apple Store in Hong Kong, and they told me the same thing. An iPhone 16 bought in China would probably end in CH/A, and it won't able to use ChatGPT anywhere in the world.
But because Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region, their model ends in ZA/A
(see Settings - General - About - Model Number).
To travel between Hong Kong and US, a Hong Kong iPhone 16 is better, because , unlike Apple iPhone 16s bought in the US (which has 2 esim card slots), the ones purchased overseas have at least 1 physical SIM card slot.
I wish Apple makes iPhones from now on with 1 esim and 1 physical SIM card slot. Then I won't have to buy my iPhones overseas.
Hong Kong doesn't support esim at all and it's more important for me to have a physical SIM card slot than AI, so I took the plunge. I plan to give back to this community, and report whether ChatGPT works after I return to the US. ChatGPT won't work in Hong Kong because of regional restrictions, but it should work elsewhere.