Thank you for your thoughtful reply, and your added info.
I guess you know that iTunes now works from within the Apple Music app.
Re: "There are purchases on my iPhone that are no longer available in iTunes and I want to access them on my MacBook and iPad. I actually re-purchased the ones that were available which is nonsense that I had to pay again just to get them on another device but the ones that are no longer available in iTunes are the ones that really upset me."
Seems Apple doesn't provide a back-up service for purchases.
Apple Support's online articles may help to back-up your purchases for future use.
Eg: Info: About purchasing movies, TV shows, music, books, and ringtones from Apple - Apple Support
Eg: says:
"You can permanently download purchased content to your iPhone, iPad, Mac or Windows PC. Once downloaded, you can access content without an internet connection, and Apple can’t remove it from your device."
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If needed: To see a chronological list of the apps, songs, movies, TV shows, books, and other items purchased with your Apple Account, view your iTunes Store purchase history.
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Re: "There should be a feature to select sync to iPhone and sync from iPhone.
If you have information on how to sync from iPhone to MacBook I’d be interested in knowing how."
See how to: Access your music library on all your devices - Apple Support
and
How to: Sync content between your Mac and iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch
Other options:
If any of the files you want to share between your iPhone and computer aren’t supported by syncing or transferring with the Finder or iTunes: You can also:
Transfer files between your iPhone and other devices - Apple Support